Features; •Thoroughly revised, add all new information about climate change affects exposure and the effects of toxicants in the environment. •Incorporates hierarchical patch dynamics paradigm as a basic structure for understanding toxicity from a molecular scale to that of landscapes. •Places diverse aspects of environmental toxicology into a unified context. •Adds all-new case studies. •Now illustrated in full color. Summary The fifth edition includes new sections on the use of adverse outcome pathways, how climate change changes how we think about toxicology, and a new chapter on contaminants of emerging concern. Additional information is provided on the derivation of exposure-response curves to describe toxicity and they are compared to the use of hypothesis testing.