What’s This Book Is All About Pakistan was one of the countries that did not achieve most of the Millennium Development Goals. After the Millennium Development Goals, all the countries of the world signed up to the 17 new global Sustainable Development Goals in September 2015. These goals encompass many elements of the previous MDGs but are far more ambitious and while many of the SDG goals are relevant to health, health per se is only one of the 17 goals. Pakistan has embarked on the mission to attain these goals by 2030 and we anticipate that a major contribution towards these goals would come from the science, academia, and public health communities. While no publication or plan can ever replace sound implementation, the thoughts and scholarship reflected in these pages set the scene for the hard work and struggle ahead for Pakistan to take an integrated and sustainable approach to achieve the goals.